Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences by Gregory J. Privitera (English) H

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Employing a problem-focused approach, this third edition presents a clear and comprehensive introduction to research methods, empowering the reader to understand and apply research methods in their daily lives.

FORMATHardcover LANGUAGEEnglish CONDITIONBrand New Publisher Description

Award-winning teacher, author and advisor Gregory J, Privitera fully integrates the research methods decision tree into the text to help students choose the most appropriate methodology for the research question they are seeking to answer. New to this edition: Additional and updated examples clarify distinguishing between basic and applied research, types of validity and reliability, and moreHypothesis methodology linked to current examples help students realize the value and real-world application of research design in the behavioral sciences Content reflective of SPSS v.25 incorporates new selection options required to analyse data An updated study guide helps students practice their skills with SPSS exercises Over 130 new references reflect the latest scholarship and perspectives

Author Biography

Gregory J. Privitera is a professor of psychology at St. Bonaventure University where he is a recipient of its highest teaching honor, The Award for Professional Excellence in Teaching, and its highest honor for scholarship, The Award for Professional Excellence in Research and Publication. Dr. Privitera received his PhD in behavioral neuroscience in the field of psychology at the State University of New York at Buffalo and continued with his postdoctoral research at Arizona State University. He is a nationally award-winning author and research scholar. His textbooks span across diverse topics in psychology and the behavioral sciences, including an introductory psychology text, four statistics texts, two research methods texts, and multiple other texts bridging knowledge creation across health, health care, and analytics. In addition, Dr. Privitera has authored more than three dozen peer-reviewed papers aimed at advancing our understanding of health and informing policy in health care. His research has earned recognition by the American Psychological Association, and in media to include Oprah's Magazine, Time Magazine, and the Wall Street Journal. He mentors a variety of undergraduate research projects at St. Bonaventure University, where dozens of students, many of whom have gone on to earn graduate and doctoral degrees at various institutions, have coauthored and presented research work. In addition to his teaching, research, and advisement, Dr. Privitera is a veteran of the U.S. Marine Corps, is an identical twin, and is married with two daughters, Grace Ann and Charlotte Jane, and two sons, Aiden Andrew and Luca James. 

Table of Contents

About the AuthorAcknowledgmentsPrefaceTo the Student—How to Use SPSS With This BookP.1 Overview of SPSS: What Are You Looking At?P.2 Preview of SPSS in FocusSECTION I. SCIENTIFIC INQUIRYChapter 1. Introduction to Scientific Thinking1.1 Science as a Method of Knowing1.2 The Scientific Method1.3 Other Methods of Knowing1.4 The Goals of Science1.5 Approaches in Acquiring Knowledge1.6 Distinguishing Science From PseudoscienceChapter 2. Generating Testable Ideas2.1 Generating Interesting and Novel Ideas2.2 Converting Ideas to Hypotheses and Theories2.3 Developing Your Idea: Deduction and Induction2.4 Performing a Literature Review2.5 Ethics in Focus: Giving Proper Credit2.6 The "3 Cs" of an Effective Literature Review2.7 Testing Your Idea: Confirmation and Disconfirmation2.8 Ethics in Focus: Publication BiasChapter 3. Research Ethics3.1 Ethics in Behavioral Research3.2 The Need for Ethics Committees in Research: A Historical Synopsis3.3 Ethics in Focus: Examples From Psychology3.4 Human Participant Research: IRBs and the APA Code of Conduct3.5 Ethics in Focus: Anonymity and Confidentiality3.6 Animal Subject Research: IACUCs and the APA Code of Conduct3.7 Additional Ethical Considerations: Scientific IntegritySECTION II. DEFINING AND MEASURING VARIABLES, SELECTING SAMPLES, AND CHOOSING AN APPROPRIATE RESEARCH DESIGNChapter 4. Identifying Scientific Variables4.1 Criteria for Defining and Measuring Variables4.2 Constructs and Operational Definitions4.3 Types of Variables4.4 Scales of Measurement4.5 Reliability of a Measurement4.6 Validity of a Measurement4.7 Selecting a Measurement Procedure4.8 Ethics in Focus: Replication as a Gauge for Fraud?4.9 SPSS in Focus: Entering and Coding DataChapter 5. Sampling From Populations5.1 Why Do Researchers Select Samples?5.2 Subjects, Participants, and Sampling Methods5.3 Methods of Sampling: Nonprobability Sampling5.4 Methods of Sampling: Probability Sampling5.5 Sampling Error and Standard Error of the Mean5.6 SPSS in Focus: Estimating the Standard Error of the Mean5.7 Potential Biases in Sampling5.8 Ethics in Focus: Participant Pools5.9 SPSS in Focus: Identifying New Populations Using the One-Sample t TestChapter 6. Choosing a Research Design6.1 Designing a Study to Answer a Question6.2 Categories of Research Design6.3 Internal and External Validity6.4 Demonstrating Cause in an Experiment6.5 Ethics in Focus: Beneficence and Random Assignment6.6 Threats to the Internal Validity of a Research Study6.7 Threats to the External Validity of a Research Study6.8 External Validity, Experimentation, and Realism6.9 A Final Thought on Validity and Choosing a Research DesignSECTION III. NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNSChapter 7. Naturalistic, Qualitative, and Existing Data Research DesignsNaturalistic Observation7.1 An Overview of Naturalistic Observation7.2 The Research Setting: Natural and Contrived Settings7.3 Techniques for Conducting Naturalistic Observation7.4 Ethics in Focus: Influencing Participant BehaviorQualitative Designs7.5 An Overview of Qualitative Designs7.6 Qualitative Research Designs7.7 Ethics in Focus: Anonymity in Qualitative ResearchExisting Data Designs7.8 An Overview of Existing Data Designs7.9 Existing Data Designs7.10 Ethics in Focus: Existing Data and Experimenter BiasChapter 8. Survey and Correlational Research DesignsSurvey Designs8.1 An Overview of Survey Designs8.2 Types of Survey Items8.3 Rules for Writing Survey Items8.4 Administering Surveys8.5 Surveys, Sampling, and Nonresponse Bias8.6 Ethics in Focus: Handling and Administering SurveysCorrelational Designs8.7 The Structure of Correlational Designs8.8 Describing the Relationship Between Variables8.9 Limitations in Interpretation8.10 Correlation, Regression, and Prediction8.11 SPSS in Focus: Correlation and Linear RegressionSECTION IV. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNSChapter 9. Quasi-Experimental and Single-Case Experimental DesignsQuasi-Experimental Designs9.1 An Overview of Quasi-Experimental Designs9.2 Quasi-Experimental Design: One-Group Designs9.3 Quasi-Experimental Design: Nonequivalent Control Group Designs9.4 Quasi-Experimental Design: Time Series Designs9.5 Quasi-Experimental Design: Developmental Designs9.6 Ethics in Focus: Development and AgingSingle-Case Experimental Designs9.7 An Overview of Single-Case Designs9.8 Single-Case Baseline-Phase Designs9.9 Validity, Stability, Magnitude, and Generality9.10 Ethics in Focus: The Ethics of InnovationChapter 10. Between-Subjects Experimental Designs10.1 Conducting Experiments: Between-Subjects Design10.2 Experimental Versus Control Group10.3 Manipulation and the Independent Variable10.4 Variability and the Independent Variable10.5 Ethics in Focus: The Accountability of Manipulation10.6 Comparing Two Independent Samples10.7 SPSS in Focus: Two-Independent-Sample t Test10.8 Comparing Two or More Independent Samples10.9 SPSS in Focus: One-Way Between-Subjects ANOVA10.10 Measuring the Dependent Variable10.11 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Between-Subjects DesignChapter 11. Within-Subjects Experimental Designs11.1 Conducting Experiments: Within-Subjects Design11.2 Controlling Time-Related Factors11.3 Ethics in Focus: Minimizing Participant Fatigue11.4 Individual Differences and Variability11.5 Comparing Two Related Samples11.6 SPSS in Focus: Related-Samples t Test11.7 Comparing Two or More Related Samples11.8 SPSS in Focus: One-Way Within-Subjects ANOVA11.9 An Alternative to Pre-Post Designs: Solomon Four-Group Design11.10 Comparing Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects DesignsChapter 12. Factorial Experimental Designs12.1 Testing Multiple Factors in the Same Experiment12.2 Selecting Samples for a Factorial Design in Experimentation12.3 Types of Factorial Designs12.4 Ethics in Focus: Participant Fatigue and Factorial Designs12.5 Main Effects and Interactions12.6 Identifying Main Effects and Interactions in a Graph12.7 Including Quasi-Independent Factors in an Experiment12.8 Reasons for Including Two or More Factors in an Experiment12.9 Higher-Order Factorial Designs12.10 SPSS in Focus: General Instructions for Conducting a Factorial ANOVASECTION V. ANALYZING, INTERPRETING, AND COMMUNICATING RESEARCH DATAChapter 13. Analysis and Interpretation: Exposition of Data13.1 Descriptive Statistics: Why Summarize Data?13.2 Frequency Distributions: Tables and Graphs13.3 Measures of Central Tendency13.4 Measures of Variability13.5 SPSS in Focus: Central Tendency and Variability13.6 Graphing Means and Correlations13.7 Using Correlation to Describe Reliability13.8 SPSS in Focus: Cronbach's Alpha and Cohen's Kappa13.9 Ethics in Focus: Deception Due to the Distortion of DataChapter 14. Analysis and Interpretation: Making Decisions About Data14.1 Inferential Statistics: What Are We Making Inferences About?14.2 Types of Error and Power14.3 Parametric Tests: Applying the Decision Tree14.4 Nonparametric Tests: Applying the Decision Tree14.5 SPSS in Focus: The Chi-Square Tests14.6 Effect Size: How Big Is an Effect in the Population?14.7 Estimation: What Are the Possible Values of a Parameter?14.8 Confidence Intervals, Significance, and Effect Size14.9 Issues for Interpretation: Precision and Certainty14.10 Ethics in Focus: Full Disclosure of DataChapter 15. Communicating Research: Preparing Manuscripts, Posters, and Talks15.1 Elements of Communication15.2 Writing a Manuscript: Writing Style and Language15.3 Elements of an APA-Style Manuscript15.4 Literature Reviews15.5 Reporting Observations in Qualitative Research15.6 Ethics in Focus: Credit and Authorship15.7 Presenting a Poster15.8 Giving a Professional TalkAppendix A: APA-Style Writing, Sample Manuscript, and PostersA.1 Essentials for Writing APA-Style Research PapersA.2 Grammar, Punctuation, and Spelling (GPS) Writing GuideA.3 Sample APA-Style ManuscriptA.4 Poster Template and Sample PosterAppendix B: Instructions for Randomizing and CounterbalancingB.1 Random Numbers TableB.2 Constructing a Latin SquareAppendix C: SPSS General Instructions Guide and Statistical TablesC.1 General Instructions Guide for Using SPSSC.2 Statistical TablesGlossaryReferencesIndex

Details ISBN1544309813 Author Gregory J. Privitera Publisher SAGE Publications Inc Year 2019 Edition 3rd ISBN-10 1544309813 ISBN-13 9781544309811 Format Hardcover Imprint SAGE Publications Inc Place of Publication Thousand Oaks Country of Publication United States Replaces 9781506326573 Pages 616 Publication Date 2019-04-17 DEWEY 150.721 Language English UK Release Date 2019-04-17 NZ Release Date 2019-04-17 US Release Date 2019-04-17 Edition Description 3rd Revised edition Audience Tertiary & Higher Education AU Release Date 2019-04-16 We've got this

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