Handbook of Polymers for Pharmaceutical Technologies, Biodegradable Polymers by

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Polymers are one of the most fascinating materials of the present era finding their applications in almost every aspects of life. Polymers are either directly available in nature or are chemically synthesized and used depending upon the targeted applications.

FORMATHardcover LANGUAGEEnglish CONDITIONBrand New Publisher Description

Polymers are one of the most fascinating materials of the present era finding their applications in almost every aspects of life. Polymers are either directly available in nature or are chemically synthesized and used depending upon the targeted applications.Advances in polymer science and the introduction of new polymers have resulted in the significant development of polymers with unique properties.  Different kinds of polymers have been and will be one of the key in several applications in many of the advanced pharmaceutical research being carried out over the globe. This 4-partset of books contains precisely referenced chapters, emphasizing different kinds of polymers with basic fundamentals and practicality for application in diverse pharmaceutical technologies. The volumes aim at explaining basics of polymers based materials from different resources and their chemistry along with practical applications which present a future direction in the pharmaceutical industry. Each volume offer deep insight into the subject being treated.                                      Volume 1: Structure and ChemistryVolume 2: Processing and ApplicationsVolume 3: Biodegradable PolymersVolume 4: Bioactive and Compatible Synthetic/Hybrid Polymers

Author Biography

Vijay Kumar Thakur (Ph.D.) is a Staff Scientist in the School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering at Washington State University, U.S.A. He has published more than 100 research articles, patents and conference proceedings in the field of polymers and materials science and has published ten books and 25 book chapters on the advanced state-of-the-art of polymers/ materials science. He has extensive expertise in the synthesis of polymers (natural/ synthetic), nano materials, nanocomposites, biocomposites, graft copolymers, high performance capacitors and electrochromic materials. Manju Kumari Thakur works in the Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Simla, India.

Table of Contents

Preface xix 1 Bioactive Polysaccharides of Vegetable and Microbial Origins: An Overview 1Giuseppina Tommonaro, Annarita Poli, Paola Di Donato, Roberto Abbamondi Gennaro, Ilaria Finore and Barbara Nicolaus 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Anticarcinogenic Polysaccharides 3 1.3 Anti-inflammatory/Immunostimulating Polysaccharides 8 1.4 Antiviral Polysaccharides 13 1.5 Antioxidant Polysaccharides 17 1.6 Other Biotechnological Applications 21 1.7 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 23 Acknowledgments 23 Reference 24 2 Chitosan: An Emanating Polymeric Carrier for Drug Delivery 33Priti Girotra and Shailendra Kumar Singh 2.1 Introduction 33 2.2 Preparation of Chitosan 34 2.3 Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan 35 2.4 Biological Activities of Chitosan 36 2.5 Pharmaceutical Applications of Chitosan 39 2.6 Functionalization of Chitosan 49 2.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 49 Reference 51 3 Fungi as Sources of Polysaccharides for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications 61Filomena Freitas, Christophe Roca and Maria A. M. Reis 3.1 Introduction 61 3.2 The Fungal Cell 62 3.3 Polysaccharides Produced by Fungi 69 3.4 Production and Extraction of Polysaccharides from Fungi 77 3.5 Fungal Polysaccharides in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications 81 3.6 Commercial Exploitation of Fungal Polysaccharides in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications 89 3.7 Conclusion and Future Perspective 91 Reference 91 4 Environmentally Responsive Chitosan-based Nanocarriers (CBNs) 105Ankit Jain and Sanjay K. Jain 4.1 Introduction 105 4.2 Graft Copolymerized CBNs 107 4.3 pH-Sensitive CBNs 109 4.4 Thermosensitive CBNs 111 4.5 pH-Sensitive and Thermosensitive CBNs 112 4.6 pH- and Ionic-Sensitive CBNs 113 4.7 Photosensitive CBNs 114 4.8 Electrical-Sensitive CBNs 115 4.9 Magneto-Responsive CBNs 115 4.10 Chemo-Sensitive CBNs 115 4.11 Biodegradation of Chitosan and Its Derivatives 116 4.12 Toxicity of CBNs 120 4.13 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 120 References 120 5 Biomass Derived and Biomass Inspired Polymers in Pharmaceutical Applications 127Elisavet D. Bartzoka, Claudia Crestini and Heiko Lange 5.1 Introduction 127 5.2 Biodegradable Polymers in Biomedical Applications – Relevant Aspects 129 5.3 Biodegradable Natural Polymers in Pharmaceutical Applications 133 5.4 Micro- and Nanocrystalline Natural Polymers and Fibrils – General Regulative Considerations 175 5.5 Concluding Remarks and Outlook 176 Reference 177 6 Modification of Cyclodextrin for Improvement of Complexation and Formulation Properties 205Tapan K. Dash and V. Badireenath Konkimalla Abbreviations 205 6.1 Introduction 206 6.2 Cyclodextrin and Its Degradation 206 6.3 Complexation by CDs and Release 207 6.4 Modifications and Scope with Respect to Pharmaceutical Application 208 6.5 Concluding Remarks 218 Acknowledgements 218 Reference 218 7 Cellulose-, Ethylene Oxide- and Acrylic-Based Polymers in Assembled Module Technology (Dome Matrix®) 225Camillo Benetti, Paolo Colombo and Tin Wui Wong 7.1 Dome MatrixR Technology 225 7.2 Polymers for Controlled Drug Release 228 7.3 Cellulose Derivatives 230 7.4 Acrylic Acid Polymers 232 7.5 Polymethacrylates 234 7.6 Polyethylene Oxide 236 7.7 Conclusions 237 Acknowledgments 237 Reference 237 8 Structured Biodegradable Polymers for Drug Delivery 243Nishi Mody, Udita Agrawal, Rajeev Sharma and S. P. Vyas 8.1 Introduction 243 8.2 Classification 249 8.3 Degradation Processes in Biodegradable Polymers 254 8.4 Responsive Stimuli-Sensitive Polymers 260 8.5 Conclusion and Future Prospects 271 References 271 9 Current State of the Potential Use of Chitosan as Pharmaceutical Excipient 275A. Raquel Madureira, Bruno Sarmento and Manuela Pintado 9.1 The World of Pharmaceutical Excipients 275 9.2 Chitosan 276 9.3 Activities Found for Chitosan 277 9.4 Properties of Chitosan 280 9.5 Applications as a Pharmaceutical Excipient 282 9.6 Conclusion 289 References 290 10 Modification of Gums: Synthesis Techniques and Pharmaceutical Benefits 299Vikas Rana, Sunil Kamboj, Radhika Sharma and Kuldeep Singh 10.1 Introduction 299 10.2 Synthesis of Modified Gums 302 10.3 Characterization 320 10.4 Pharmaceutical Applications of Modified Gums 332 10.5 Conclusion and Future Prospective 354 Reference 355 11 Biomaterials for Functional Applications in the Oral Cavity via Contemporary Multidimensional Science 365V. Tamara Perchyonok, Vanessa Reher, Nicolaas Basson and Sias Grobler 11.1 Introduction 365 11.2 Free Radical Formation, Antioxidants and Relevance in Health 366 11.3 Oral Diseases: Oxidative Stress and the Role of Antioxidant Defenses in the Oral Cavity 369 11.4 Biomaterials and Intelligent Design of Functional Biomaterials 371 11.5 In-Vitro Developments of Free Radical Defense Mechanisms and Drug-Delivery Systems 372 11.6 Practical In-Vitro Applications of Chitosan-Based Functional Biomaterial Prototypes in Dentistry 375 11.7 Conclusion 398 References 399 12 Role of Polymers in Ternary Drug Cyclodextrin Complexes 413Renu Chadha, Madhu Bala, Parnika, Kunal Chadha and Maninder Karan 12.1 Introduction 413 12.2 Cyclodextrins (Cycloamyloses, Cyclomaltoses, Schardinger Dextrins) 414 12.3 Role of Biodegradable/Water-Soluble Polymers in Efficacy of Inclusion Complexes 416 12.4 Solubility, Dissolution and Bioavailability Enhancement: Case Studies 423 12.5 Conclusion 433 References 433 13 Collagen-Based Materials for Pharmaceutical Applications 439Daniela Pamfil, Manuela Tatiana Nistor and Cornelia Vasile 13.1 Introduction 439 13.2 Collagen Structure and Its Properties 440 13.3 Preparation Methods of Collagen-Based Biomaterials 443 13.4 Pharmaceutical Applications of Collagen-Based Products 450 13.5 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives 462 Acknowledgments 468 References 468 14 Natural Polysaccharides as Pharmaceutical Excipients 483Nazire Deniz Ylmaz, Gülbanu Koyundereli Çlg and Kenan Ylmaz 14.1 Introduction 483 14.2 Natural Polysaccharides 485 14.3 Conclusion 510 Reference 510 15 Structure, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Applications of Biodegradable Polymers 517Mazhar Ul-Islam, Shaukat Khan, Muhammad Wajid Ullah and Joong Kon Park 15.1 Introduction 517 15.2 History of Polymers 518 15.3 Concept of Biodegradability 522 15.4 Biodegradable Polymers and Their Classification 522 15.5 Biocompatibility of Biodegradable Polymers 528 15.6 Biodegradable Polymers in Pharmaceutical Applications 530 15.7 Development of Various Biodegradable Polymer Systems for Drug Delivery 532 15.8 Future Prospects 535 Acknowledgment 536 Reference 536 16 Preparation and Properties of Biopolymers: A Critical Review 541Selvaraj Mohana Roopan, T. V. Surendra and G. Madhumitha 16.1 Introduction 541 16.2 Nature of Biopolymers 543 16.3 Common Biopolymers 544 16.4 Biopolymers in Drug Development 545 16.5 Biobased Polymers Production 548 16.6 Properties of Biopolymers 551 Acknowledgement 553 Reference 553 17 Engineering Biodegradable Polymers to Control Their Degradation and Optimize Their Use as Delivery and Theranostic Systems 557Ilaria Armentano, Loredana Latterini, Nicoletta Rescignano, Luigi Tarpani, Elena Fortunati and Josè Maria Kenny 17.1 Introduction 557 17.2 Nanotechnology 559 17.3 Nanostructured Biodegradable Polymers 560 17.4 Design Strategies for Fluorescent Biodegradable Polymeric Systems 566 17.5 Conclusions and Perspectives 570 Reference 570 Index 577

Details ISBN1119041422 Year 2015 ISBN-10 1119041422 ISBN-13 9781119041429 Format Hardcover Short Title HANDBK OF POLYMERS FOR PHARMAC Edition Description Volume 3 Language English Media Book DEWEY 615.19 Subtitle Biodegradable Polymers Pages 608 Place of Publication New York Country of Publication United States Edited by Vijay Kumar Thakur Illustrations Yes UK Release Date 2015-11-20 AU Release Date 2015-10-12 NZ Release Date 2015-10-12 Author Manju Kumari Thakur Publisher John Wiley & Sons Inc Publication Date 2015-11-20 Imprint Wiley-Scrivener Audience Professional & Vocational US Release Date 2015-11-20 Series Handbook of Polymers for Pharmaceutical Technologies We've got this

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